Ephesians Chapter 4

From The Open Bible Project

4:1 I therefore, the prisoner in the Lord, beg you to walk worthily of the calling with which you were called,

• (1) Another part of the epistle, containing precepts of the Christian life, the sum of which is this, that every man behave himself as it is fitting for so excellent a grace of God.
• (a) By this is meant the general calling of the faithful, which is this, to be holy as our God is holy.

4:2 with all lowliness and humility, with patience, bearing with one another in love;

• (2) Secondly, he commends the meekness of the mind, which is demonstrated by bearing with one another.
• (b) See (Matthew 18:25-27).

4:3 being eager to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace.

• (3) Thirdly he requires perfect agreement, but yet such that is joined with the band of the Holy Spirit.

4:4 There is one body, and one Spirit, even as you also were called in one hope of your calling;

• (4) An argument of great weight for an earnest displaying of brotherly love and charity with one another, because we are made one body as it were of one God and Father, by one Spirit, worshipping one Lord with one faith, and consecrated to him with one baptism, and having hope of one self same glory, unto which we are called. Therefore, whoever breaks charity, breaks all of these things apart.

4:5 one Lord, one faith, one baptism,

4:6 one God and Father of all, who is over all, and through all, and in us all.

• (c) Who alone has the chief authority over the Church.
• (d) Who alone pours forth his providence, through all the members of the Church.
• (e) Who alone is joined together with us in Christ.

4:7 But to each one of us was the grace given according to the measure of the gift of Christ.

• (5) He teaches us that we indeed are all one body, and that all good gifts proceed from Christ alone, who reigns in heaven having mightily conquered all his enemies, from where he heaps all gifts upon his Church. But yet nonetheless these gifts are differently and variously divided according to his will and pleasure, and therefore every man ought to be content with that measure that God has given him, and to bestow it to the common profit of the whole body.
• (f) Which Christ has given.

4:8 Therefore he says, "When he ascended on high, he led captivity captive, and gave gifts to men."[3]

• (g) A multitude of captives.

4:9 Now this, "He ascended," what is it but that he also first descended into the lower parts of the earth?

• (h) Down to the earth, which is the lowest part of the world.

4:10 He who descended is the one who also ascended far above all the heavens, that he might fill all things.

• (i) Fill with his gifts.
• (k) The Church.

4:11 He gave some to be apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, [4] shepherds [See Ephesians Footnotes 4] and teachers;

• (6) First of all he lists the ecclesiastical functions, which are partly extraordinary and for a season, such as apostles, prophets, and evangelists, and partly ordinary and perpetual, such as pastors and teachers.
• (l) The apostles were those twelve to whom Paul was afterward added, whose office was to plant churches throughout all the world.
• (m) The prophet’s office was one of the chiefest, who were men of marvellous wisdom, and some of them could foretell things to come.
• (n) The apostles used these as companions in the execution of their office, being not able to go to all places by themselves.
• (o) Pastors are those who govern the Church, and teachers are those who govern the schools.

4:12 for the perfecting of the saints, to the work of serving, to the building up of the body of Christ;

• (7) He shows the aim of ecclesiastical functions, that is, that by the ministry of men all the saints may so grow up together, that they may make one mystical body of Christ.
• (p) The Church.

4:13 until we all attain to the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a full grown man, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ;

• (8) The use of this ministry is perpetual so long as we are in this world, that is, until that time that having put off the flesh, and thoroughly and perfectly agreeing between ourselves, we will be joined with Christ our head. And this thing is done by the knowledge of the Son of God increasing in us, and he himself by little and little growing up in us until we come to be a perfect man, which will be in the world to come, when God will be all in all.
• (q) In that most near joining which is knit and fastened together by faith.
• (r) Christ is said to grow up to full age, not in himself, but in us.

4:14 that we may no longer be children, tossed back and forth and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the trickery of men, in craftiness, after the wiles of error;

• (9) Between our childhood (that is to say, a very weak state, when we are still wavering) and our perfect age, which we will have at length in another world, there is a mean, that is, our youth, and steady going forward to perfection.
• (10) He compares those who do not rest themselves upon the word of God, to little boats which are tossed here and there with the doctrines of men as it were with contrary winds, and in addition forewarns them that it comes to pass not only by the unsteadiness of man’s brain, but also by the craftiness of certain ones, who make as it were an art of it.
• (s) With those uncertain events which toss men to and fro.
• (t) By the deceit of those men who are very well practised in deceiving others.

4:15 but speaking truth in love, we may grow up in all things into him, who is the head, Christ;

• (11) By earnest affection of the truth and love, we grow up into Christ: for he (being effectual by the ministry of his word, which as the vital Spirit makes alive the whole body in such a way that it nourishes all the limbs of it according to the measure and proportion of each one) quickens and cherishes his Church, which consists of various functions, as of various members, and preserves the need of every one. And from this it follows that neither this body can live without Christ, neither can any man grow up spiritually, who separates himself from the other members.

4:16 from whom all the body, being fitted and knit together through that which every joint supplies, according to the working in measure of each individual part, makes the body increase to the building up of itself in love.

• (u) Of Christ, who with regard to the soul, empowers all the members.
• (x) Such increase as is fit for the body to have.
• (y) Charity is the knitting of the limbs together.

4:17 This I say therefore, and testify in the Lord, that you no longer walk as the rest of the Gentiles also walk, in the futility of their mind,

• (12) He descends to the fruits of Christian doctrine, and reasons first upon the principles of conduct and actions, setting down a most grave comparison between the children of God, and those who are not regenerated. For in these men all the powers of the mind are corrupted, and their mind is given to vanity, and their senses are darkened with most gross mistiness, and their affections are so accustomed by little and little to wickedness, that at length they run headlong into all uncleanness, being utterly destitute of all judgment.
• (z) If the noblest parts of the soul are corrupted, what is man but solely corruption?

4:18 being darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them, because of the hardening of their hearts;

• (a) By which God lives in them.

4:19 who having become callous gave themselves up to lust, to work all uncleanness with greediness.

• (b) Void of all judgment.
• (c) They strove to surpass one another, as though there were some gain to be gotten by it.

4:20 But you did not learn Christ that way;

• (13) Here follows the contrary part concerning men who are regenerated by the true and living knowledge of Christ, who have other principles by which they act that are very different, that is, holy and honest desires, and a mind completely changed by the power of the Holy Spirit, from which proceeds also like effects, as a just and holy life indeed.

4:21 if indeed you heard him, and were taught in him, even as truth is in Jesus:

• (d) As they have learned who acknowledge Christ indeed, and in good earnest.

4:22 that you put away, as concerning your former way of life, the old man, that grows corrupt after the lusts of deceit;

• (e) Yourselves.

4:23 and that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind,

• (f) Where there ought to have been the greatest force of reason, there is the greatest corruption of all, which gradually weakens all things.

4:24 and put on the new man, who in the likeness of God has been created in righteousness and holiness of truth.

• (g) After the image of God.
• (h) The effect and end of the new creation.
• (i) Not fake nor counterfeit.

4:25 Therefore, putting away falsehood, speak truth each one with his neighbor. For we are members of one another.

• (14) He commends separately certain special Christian virtues, and first of all he requires truth (that is to say, sincere manners), condemning all deceit and hypocrisy, because we are born one for another.

4:26 "Be angry, and don't sin."[5] Don't let the sun go down on your wrath,

• (15) He teaches us how to bridle our anger in such a way that, even though our anger is fierce, yet it does not break out, and that it is without delay quenched before we sleep. And this is so that Satan may not take occasion to give us evil counsel through the wicked counsellor, and destroy us.
• (k) If it so happens that you are angry, yet do not sin, that is, bridle your anger, and do not wickedly do that which you have wickedly conceived.
• (l) Let not the night come upon you in your anger, that is, make atonement quickly, for all matters.

4:27 neither give place to the devil.

4:28 Let him who stole steal no more; but rather let him labor, working with his hands the thing that is good, that he may have something to give to him who has need.

• (16) He descends from the heart to the hands, condemning theft: and because the men who give themselves to this wickedness often pretend to be poor, he shows that labour is a good remedy against poverty, which God blesses in such a way that those who labour always have some surplus to help others. And therefore it is far from being the case that they are forced to steal other men’s goods.
• (m) By labouring in things that are holy, and profitable to his neighbour.

4:29 Let no corrupt speech proceed out of your mouth, but such as is good for building up as the need may be, that it may give grace to those who hear.

• (17) He bridles the tongue as well, teaching us to so temper our talk, that our hearer’s minds are not destroyed, and are rather instructed.
• (n) Literally, "rotten".
• (o) By grace he means that by which men most profit with regard to going forward in godliness and love.

4:30 Don't grieve the Holy Spirit of God, in whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.

• (18) A general precept against all excess of affections which dwell in that part of the mind, which they call "angry", and he sets against them the contrary means. And he uses a most strong preface, how we ought to take heed that we grieve not the Holy Spirit of God through our immoderateness and excessiveness, who dwells in us to the end of moderating all our affections.

4:31 Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, outcry, and slander, be put away from you, with all malice.

4:32 And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving each other, just as God also in Christ forgave you.

• (19) An argument taken from the example of Christ, most grave and strong, both for the pardoning of those injuries which have been done to us by our greatest enemies, and much more for having consideration of the miserable, and using moderation and gentle behaviour towards all men.